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  • What Does the World Cup Have to Do With Missile Defense?

    This summer’s FIFA World Cup in the United States could very well be the biggest proving ground for Donald Trump’s “Golden Dome” and a showcase for a host of sophisticated new surveillance technologies, including facial recognition — a boon for defense contractors who are jockeying to get a piece of a federal pie that is billions of dollars in the making.

    An undertaking akin to multiple Super Bowls in scope, the World Cup will soon draw millions of soccer fans from around the world to the United States. It is only the second time that the U.S. has hosted the event.

    The U.S., citing the threat that unauthorized drones or cyberattacks could pose to the games, has been working around the clock to bolster protection and security, especially in the form of high-tech air defenses and counter-drone technologies.

    As such, defense companies are eagerly pushing their technology and some have even proposed it as a way to launch Golden Dome, the Trump administration’s proposed missile interceptor system, intended to protect the entire continental U.S. from aerial threats.

    Setting the stage

    This year’s World Cup follows 2022’s highly militarized World Cup in Qatar, where many defense contractors provided security. U.K.-based BAE systems scored a $6.7 billion contract to provide fighter jets to surveil the tournament. Meanwhile, other defense contractors involved in the 2022 event — like U.S.-based aerospace company Fortem Technologies, which provided counter-drone technologies — are promoting themselves online as ready to support the upcoming World Cup.

    Planning efforts for this year’s World Cup have taken on a militarized character of their own. The U.S. Northern Command, for example, has met with representatives from 11 American host cities to coordinate security and logistics for their games.

    The preparations’ focus on military technologies has been palpable. The Department of Homeland Security launched a new office Jan. 12 dedicated to procuring and deploying drone and counter-drone technologies in anticipation of the World Cup. This month, it announced a $115 million investment in counter-drone technologies for the World Cup and celebrations related to the 250th anniversary of American independence.

    The preparations’ focus on military technologies has been palpable.

    The Federal Emergency Management Agency has also provided $250 million to 11 World Cup host states and Washington, D.C., through its new Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems grant program, established with the World Cup and America 250 in mind.

    Counter-drone technologies, which have undergone significant advancements during the Ukraine war, broadly include tracking software, lasers, microwaves and even autonomous machine guns. Surveillance-intensive drone detection methods, meanwhile, can also collect personally identifiable information, including photos of civilians.

    Although few security contracts for the upcoming World Cup have been made public, and it remains unclear which counter-drone capacities will be deployed at the games, it can be expected that they may employ defense sector power hitters including Anduril, Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin, and L3Harris, which dominate that market.

    Weapons industry mainstays are looking to take advantage of this opportunity to push their technologies into the domestic market. Booz Allen Hamilton, for example, will provide its Sit(x) situational awareness system, which shares drone-collected data for intelligence and collaboration purposes, to some venues hosting the World Cup.

    Skydio, a company whose drone technologies have been involved in wars in Ukraine and Gaza, has promoted its drone-based security and law-enforcement services as ready to support “every phase of FIFA readiness.” Dataminr, for its part, has boasted on its website of how its AI-powered surveillance technologies, which Israel has used to spy on Palestinians in Gaza, can help secure the event.

    Roberto González, an anthropology professor at San José State University and the author of “War Virtually,” a book about how technology and automation are transforming warfare, says the World Cup feeding frenzy could pay off big for military startups.

    “I wouldn’t at all be surprised if this year’s World Cup winds up being a windfall over the long term for surveillance and defense tech startups,” González told RS.

    A golden opportunity for Golden Dome?

    As the upcoming World Cup provides opportunities for military-tested tech to proliferate in the domestic sphere, some have gone as far as to suggest it could be used to test run a version of Golden Dome, whose broader goals — protecting a large geographic area from aerial threats — broadly mirror the stated security needs of the World Cup.

    “This is the beginning of developing a system that will protect the whole country.”

    U.S. Army Maj. Peter Mitchell wrote at Breaking Defense that, if planned properly, counter-drone systems spanning the multicity World Cup, “can morph into the foundation for broader homeland air defense integration,” thus streamlining the rollout of both endeavors.

    Meanwhile, the Army’s Task Force 401, which leads the branch’s counter-drone efforts and is helping coordinate World Cup security, has considered linking its data-sharing operations with the prospective Golden Dome project to help it defend against aerial threats if it becomes operational.

    “Our integrated counter-UAS posture across the homeland has to be tied into the Golden Dome, and we’re going to make sure that it is,” the task force director, Army Brig. Gen. Matt Ross said at a media roundtable in December.

    William Hartung, a senior research fellow at the Quincy Institute’s Democratizing Foreign Policy Program, told RS that the World Cup could hand the Trump administration an ideal opportunity to further justify its trademark missile defense scheme, which could cost trillions of dollars over its lifetime.

    “[The Trump administration] could say, look, we’re defending ourselves with this technology and protecting this important event,” Hartung said. “This is the beginning of developing a system that will protect the whole country.”

    American panopticon

    Experts warn that broader dangers lie not only with the technologies deployed during the World Cup, but also with what remains of them afterward. Surveillance and counter-drone technologies introduced as temporary security measures can become permanent — further blurring the line between military defense technologies and everyday security measures.

    Gonzalez warned RS that the DHS’ expanding drone and counter-drone programs, through the World Cup and beyond, risk normalizing the use of militarized surveillance technologies in the name of public safety.

    “DHS’s new drone and counter-drone programs threaten to expand the department’s surveillance network and further erode the privacy of ordinary people,” Gonzalez said.

    “Under the pretext of keeping Americans safe, DHS appears to be planning to use high-tech surveillance tools to monitor the constitutionally protected rights of U.S. citizens,” he added. “It seems that DHS is exploiting the 2026 FIFA World Cup and the 250th anniversary of U.S. independence to build a nationwide American panopticon.”

    For their part, defense contractors are pushing their services’ continued use in the public sphere. Skydio, for example, boasts on its website that any of its security services used to support FIFA security can assist clients “long after the crowds are gone.”

    The post What Does the World Cup Have to Do With Missile Defense? appeared first on Truthdig.

  • Who Operates the Badbox 2.0 Botnet?

    The cybercriminals in control of Kimwolf — a disruptive botnet that has infected more than 2 million devices — recently shared a screenshot indicating they’d compromised the control panel for Badbox 2.0, a vast China-based botnet powered by malicious software that comes pre-installed on many Android TV streaming boxes. Both the FBI and Google say they are hunting for the people behind Badbox 2.0, and thanks to bragging by the Kimwolf botmasters we may now have a much clearer idea about that.

    Our first story of 2026, The Kimwolf Botnet is Stalking Your Local Network, detailed the unique and highly invasive methods Kimwolf uses to spread. The story warned that the vast majority of Kimwolf infected systems were unofficial Android TV boxes that are typically marketed as a way to watch unlimited (pirated) movie and TV streaming services for a one-time fee.

    Our January 8 story, Who Benefitted from the Aisuru and Kimwolf Botnets?, cited multiple sources saying the current administrators of Kimwolf went by the nicknames “Dort” and “Snow.” Earlier this month, a close former associate of Dort and Snow shared what they said was a screenshot the Kimwolf botmasters had taken while logged in to the Badbox 2.0 botnet control panel.

    That screenshot, a portion of which is shown below, shows seven authorized users of the control panel, including one that doesn’t quite match the others: According to my source, the account “ABCD” (the one that is logged in and listed in the top right of the screenshot) belongs to Dort, who somehow figured out how to add their email address as a valid user of the Badbox 2.0 botnet.

    The control panel for the Badbox 2.0 botnet lists seven authorized users and their email addresses. Click to enlarge.

    Badbox has a storied history that well predates Kimwolf’s rise in October 2025. In July 2025, Google filed a “John Doe” lawsuit (PDF) against 25 unidentified defendants accused of operating Badbox 2.0, which Google described as a botnet of over ten million unsanctioned Android streaming devices engaged in advertising fraud. Google said Badbox 2.0, in addition to compromising multiple types of devices prior to purchase, also can infect devices by requiring the download of malicious apps from unofficial marketplaces.

    Google’s lawsuit came on the heels of a June 2025 advisory from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which warned that cyber criminals were gaining unauthorized access to home networks by either configuring the products with malware prior to the user’s purchase, or infecting the device as it downloads required applications that contain backdoors — usually during the set-up process.

    The FBI said Badbox 2.0 was discovered after the original Badbox campaign was disrupted in 2024. The original Badbox was identified in 2023, and primarily consisted of Android operating system devices (TV boxes) that were compromised with backdoor malware prior to purchase.

    KrebsOnSecurity was initially skeptical of the claim that the Kimwolf botmasters had hacked the Badbox 2.0 botnet. That is, until we began digging into the history of the qq.com email addresses in the screenshot above.

    CATHEAD

    An online search for the address 34557257@qq.com (pictured in the screenshot above as the user “Chen“) shows it is listed as a point of contact for a number of China-based technology companies, including:

    Beijing Hong Dake Wang Science & Technology Co Ltd.
    Beijing Hengchuang Vision Mobile Media Technology Co. Ltd.
    Moxin Beijing Science and Technology Co. Ltd.

    The website for Beijing Hong Dake Wang Science is asmeisvip[.]net, a domain that was flagged in a March 2025 report by HUMAN Security as one of several dozen sites tied to the distribution and management of the Badbox 2.0 botnet. Ditto for moyix[.]com, a domain associated with Beijing Hengchuang Vision Mobile.

    A search at the breach tracking service Constella Intelligence finds 34557257@qq.com at one point used the password “cdh76111.” Pivoting on that password in Constella shows it is known to have been used by just two other email accounts: daihaic@gmail.com and cathead@gmail.com.

    Constella found cathead@gmail.com registered an account at jd.com (China’s largest online retailer) in 2021 under the name “陈代海,” which translates to “Chen Daihai.” According to DomainTools.com, the name Chen Daihai is present in the original registration records (2008) for moyix[.]com, along with the email address cathead@astrolink[.]cn.

    Incidentally, astrolink[.]cn also is among the Badbox 2.0 domains identified in HUMAN Security’s 2025 report. DomainTools finds cathead@astrolink[.]cn was used to register more than a dozen domains, including vmud[.]net, yet another Badbox 2.0 domain tagged by HUMAN Security.

    XAVIER

    A cached copy of astrolink[.]cn preserved at archive.org shows the website belongs to a mobile app development company whose full name is Beijing Astrolink Wireless Digital Technology Co. Ltd. The archived website reveals a “Contact Us” page that lists a Chen Daihai as part of the company’s technology department. The other person featured on that contact page is Zhu Zhiyu, and their email address is listed as xavier@astrolink[.]cn.

    A Google-translated version of Astrolink’s website, circa 2009. Image: archive.org.

    Astute readers will notice that the user Mr.Zhu in the Badbox 2.0 panel used the email address xavierzhu@qq.com. Searching this address in Constella reveals a jd.com account registered in the name of Zhu Zhiyu. A rather unique password used by this account matches the password used by the address xavierzhu@gmail.com, which DomainTools finds was the original registrant of astrolink[.]cn.

    ADMIN

    The very first account listed in the Badbox 2.0 panel — “admin,” registered in November 2020 — used the email address 189308024@qq.com. DomainTools shows this email is found in the 2022 registration records for the domain guilincloud[.]cn, which includes the registrant name “Huang Guilin.”

    Constella finds 189308024@qq.com is associated with the China phone number 18681627767. The open-source intelligence platform osint.industries reveals this phone number is connected to a Microsoft profile created in 2014 under the name Guilin Huang (桂林 黄). The cyber intelligence platform Spycloud says that phone number was used in 2017 to create an account at the Chinese social media platform Weibo under the username “h_guilin.”

    The public information attached to Guilin Huang’s Microsoft account, according to the breach tracking service osintindustries.com.

    The remaining three users and corresponding qq.com email addresses were all connected to individuals in China. However, none of them (nor Mr. Huang) had any apparent connection to the entities created and operated by Chen Daihai and Zhu Zhiyu — or to any corporate entities for that matter. Also, none of these individuals responded to requests for comment.

    The mind map below includes search pivots on the email addresses, company names and phone numbers that suggest a connection between Chen Daihai, Zhu Zhiyu, and Badbox 2.0.

    This mind map includes search pivots on the email addresses, company names and phone numbers that appear to connect Chen Daihai and Zhu Zhiyu to Badbox 2.0. Click to enlarge.

    UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS

    The idea that the Kimwolf botmasters could have direct access to the Badbox 2.0 botnet is a big deal, but explaining exactly why that is requires some background on how Kimwolf spreads to new devices. The botmasters figured out they could trick residential proxy services into relaying malicious commands to vulnerable devices behind the firewall on the unsuspecting user’s local network.

    The vulnerable systems sought out by Kimwolf are primarily Internet of Things (IoT) devices like unsanctioned Android TV boxes and digital photo frames that have no discernible security or authentication built-in. Put simply, if you can communicate with these devices, you can compromise them with a single command.

    Our January 2 story featured research from the proxy-tracking firm Synthient, which alerted 11 different residential proxy providers that their proxy endpoints were vulnerable to being abused for this kind of local network probing and exploitation.

    Most of those vulnerable proxy providers have since taken steps to prevent customers from going upstream into the local networks of residential proxy endpoints, and it appeared that Kimwolf would no longer be able to quickly spread to millions of devices simply by exploiting some residential proxy provider.

    However, the source of that Badbox 2.0 screenshot said the Kimwolf botmasters had an ace up their sleeve the whole time: Secret access to the Badbox 2.0 botnet control panel.

    “Dort has gotten unauthorized access,” the source said. “So, what happened is normal proxy providers patched this. But Badbox doesn’t sell proxies by itself, so it’s not patched. And as long as Dort has access to Badbox, they would be able to load” the Kimwolf malware directly onto TV boxes associated with Badbox 2.0.

    The source said it isn’t clear how Dort gained access to the Badbox botnet panel. But it’s unlikely that Dort’s existing account will persist for much longer: All of our notifications to the qq.com email addresses listed in the control panel screenshot received a copy of that image, as well as questions about the apparently rogue ABCD account.

  • UK Begins Bribery Trial of Ex-Nigeria Oil Minister

    The bribery trial of former Nigerian petroleum minister Diezani Alison-Madueke—that U.K. investigators describe as a major step in a long-running international corruption probe—started Monday at Southwark Crown Court in London, with the first substantive hearing expected Tuesday.

    Alison-Madueke, who served as Nigeria’s oil minister from 2010 to 2015 and later chaired the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 2014–2015, faces six charges, including five counts of accepting bribes and one count of conspiracy to commit bribery. All charges are linked to the awarding of oil and gas contracts during her time in office, according to U.K. authorities and media reports.

    British investigators allege she received at least 100,000 British pounds ($136,525) in cash along with benefits that prosecutors characterize as “financial or other advantages,” including private-jet flights, chauffeur-driven cars, the use and upkeep of London properties, luxury goods, and school fees for her son.

    When the charges were authorized in 2023, the U.K.’s National Crime Agency said it suspected Alison-Madueke “abused her power” and accepted rewards in exchange for helping steer “multi-million-pound” contracts. Alison-Madueke has denied wrongdoing and has been on bail in the U.K. since 2023, attending preliminary court hearings earlier this month as jurors were selected.

    The trial is expected to run for several weeks and could carry significant penalties if she is convicted. Under the U.K. Bribery Act, she can face up to 10 years in prison and/or an unlimited fine.

    The London proceedings are also unfolding alongside broader asset-recovery efforts tied to allegations of corruption in Nigeria’s oil sector. In 2025, the United States and Nigeria announced an agreement to repatriate about $52.88 million in forfeited assets linked to an investigation associated with Alison-Madueke and her alleged associates, according to the U.S. Justice Department and the U.S. State Department.

    OCCRP has previously reported that the U.K. authorities charged the former Nigerian petroleum minister in August 2023 over alleged bribery tied to multi-million-pound oil and gas contracts. 

    In 2017 Nigerian prosecutors filed money-laundering charges against her in a separate case alleging payments to influence election officials ahead of the 2015 vote. 

    Earlier the U.S. Justice Department recovered more than $53 million in allegedly corruption-linked oil proceeds laundered through the U.S., with additional funds still pending at the time.

  • UK loses measles elimination status

    Decision made after outbreaks in 2024, when there were nearly 3,000 cases in England and Wales.
  • Pluralistic: Trump and the unmighty dollar (26 Jan 2026)

    Today’s links

    • Trump and the unmighty dollar: “Flipping the table over in a poker game rigged in your favor because you resent having to pretend to play the game at all.”
    • Hey look at this: Delights to delectate.
    • Object permanence: H2G2 v BBC; Anti-capitalist bank rave; Narrative and magic; It’s still censorship; Boss politics antitrust; Game library; Gamers 6-65; Google Cache; “Probiotics” aren’t; “Starve”; Uptown Funk mashup; Not a crime if we do it with an app; Gibson on Stuxnet; Gates sells Tank Man pic to China; Paul Allen’s yacht destroys a reef; Mass surveillance in Anaheim.
    • Upcoming appearances: Where to find me.
    • Recent appearances: Where I’ve been.
    • Latest books: You keep readin’ em, I’ll keep writin’ ’em.
    • Upcoming books: Like I said, I’ll keep writin’ ’em.
    • Colophon: All the rest.



    A detail from a US $100 bill. The bill has been tinted orange. Ben Franklin's face has been replaced with an indistinct blur surmounted by Trump's hair. The lettering in the scrollwork beneath the portrait reads 'TRUMP.' The '100's have been turned into '000's. The writing 'ONE HUNDRED' now reads 'NONE HUNDRED.' The series issue has been changed to '47.' The Secretary of the Treasury's signature has been replaced with Trump's.

    Trump and the unmighty dollar (permalink)

    The best summary of Trump’s trade “philosophy” comes from Trashfuture’s November Kelly, who said that Trump is flipping over the table in a poker game that’s rigged in his favor because he resents having to pretend to play the game at all.

    After all, the global system of trade was designed and enforced by American officials, especially the US Trade Representative. The US created a world whose most important commodities (food, oil, etc) were priced in dollars, meaning that anyone who wanted to buy these things from any country would first have to get US dollars, which they could only get by shipping their valuable stuff to the US, which sends them dollars in return.

    Think about this trade for a minute: to get US dollars, people outside of the US would have to dig up or chop down or manufacture real things that were in finite supply. Meanwhile, to get the US dollars to pay for these real, finite things, the US just had to type zeros into a spreadsheet at the Federal Reserve:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54fg-A1gCrM

    The technical term political scientists use for this arrangement is “fucking sweet.”

    Two of my favorite political scientists are Henry Farrell and Dan Davies, whose new paper, “The US dollar system as a source of international disorder,” was just published by The British Academy as part of its “Global (Dis)Order international policy programme”:

    https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/documents/6018/Global_Disorder_-_The_US_Dollar_System_as_a_Source_of_International_Disorder.pdf

    Farrell and Davies explore the history of the weaponization of “dollar centrality” (their term for the arrangement where the whole world agreed to treat the dollar as a neutral trade instrument), and show how Trump’s incontinent belligerence fits into it, and lay out some shrewd possibilities for where this could all end up.

    Farrell is one of the leading experts on how these boring, invisible, complex systems of financial settlement, fiber optic connections and other plumbing of the post-war era have been increasingly weaponized by successive US administrations. In 2023, he and Abraham Newman published The Underground Empire, an excellent book on the subject (really, the definitive book on the subject):

    https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/10/weaponized-interdependence/#the-other-swifties

    Davies, meanwhile, is a brilliant scholar (and explainer) of complex systems. Last year, he published The Unaccountability Machine, about the way that the feedback mechanisms in the systems that keep the world running are badly broken, leading to much of our modern dysfunction:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unaccountability_Machine

    Their paper represents a fusion of both of their approaches, and makes for fascinating reading. They start by characterizing the post-war global system as broadly “homeostatic,” meaning that it can maintain stability in the face of shocks. Homeostasis requires a feedback mechanism so that it can constantly adjust itself – think of your home thermostat, which needs a thermometer so it can figure out when to run your furnace/air conditioner and when to stop.

    Political scientists have identified many of these feedback systems. For example, KN Waltz describes how, when one “great power” starts to dominate the world, the weaker states in its orbit will switch their alliances to rival powers, in order to “balance” power between the big beasts. Smaller, poorer, and/or weaker countries that have looked to the US for trade and military alliances might switch to China if it looks like the US is getting too powerful – not necessarily because China offers a better deal than the US, but because a decisive global victory by the US would give it the power to squeeze these countries, because they’d have nowhere else to go.

    Waltz’s work is especially relevant this month, with Canada inking a Chinese trade deal and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney publicly declaring a “rupture” with the US-dominated order:

    https://www.programmablemutter.com/p/davos-is-a-rational-ritual

    When great powers ignore the feedback of these systems, the result is a collapse in global homeostasis, and radical shifts in the global order. Farrell and Davies argue that this is what’s happening with the weaponization of the dollar, which has prompted many countries to take action that should have caused the US to back off, but which the US has ignored as it doubled down on the weaponized dollar:

    https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-10-20/ethiopia-in-talks-with-china-to-convert-dollar-loans-into-yuan

    Even when the US has a “rational” case for weaponizing the dollar – for example, by forcing the world to join in a global financial surveillance project aimed at stemming financing for terrorism – it runs the risk of making things worse. If the US’s anti-terror financial demands are so onerous that they provoke other countries into setting up multiple, independent, fragmented global financial schemes, then terrorists and their backers will have their pick of ways to move money around.

    Even where the US has had limited success with financial sanctions (by isolating North Korea, or by targeting specific individuals rather than countries), it has undermined those successes by peddling and formalizing cryptocurrencies that evade those sanctions. With Trump’s crypto project, America gets the worst of both worlds: ineffective financial sanctions that nevertheless weaken the dollar’s centrality to the world, and the power that confers upon America.

    The world relies on the dollar because it has to rely on something. There are hundreds of currencies in the world, and it’s prohibitively expensive for exchange brokers to maintain deep reserves of all of those currencies so that any currency can be swapped for any other. Likewise, it is cumbersome and risky for transactions to rely on a chain of exchanges: if someone in Thailand can only buy oil from Norway by first trading Thai baht for Japanese yen, and then Australian dollars, and then euros, and then Norwegian kroner, they’ll be bedeviled by shifting exchange rates, transaction fees, and, possibly, shady brokers who just take the money and run.

    After WWII, when the great powers and middle powers were hammering out the global financial system, economists like John Maynard Keynes proposed an international supercurrency that would only be used to facilitate exchanges, but he was outmaneuvered by America’s chief negotiator, Harry Dexter White, who insisted that the US dollar will fill that role:

    https://profstevekeen.substack.com/p/this-is-the-end-of-the-us-global

    So everyone uses the dollar, and because everyone uses the dollar, everyone has to use the dollar: the dollar enjoys “network effects,” where the more parties there are who will accept it, the more valuable it becomes and the harder it is to find an alternative.

    In my theory of enshittification, network effects are a powerful temptation to make a service worse. If you own a system with strong network effects, you can make it worse for all its users (and better for you) without risking your users’ departure, because they are all holding each other hostage:

    https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/08/facebooks-secret-war-switching-costs

    So it is with dollar weaponization. In order to use the dollar to settle transactions, parties must have access to systems that are directly under US government control (like a dollar account at the Federal Reserve), or are, practically speaking controlled by America (like the SWIFT system for moving money across borders). The fact that you have to use dollars, and you can’t use dollars without the US government’s say-so, means that the US can impose onerous terms on dollar users and not have to worry that they’ll switch to another currency.

    Farrell and Davies describe how, during the “high era” of globalization, US Treasury officials fought to insulate the dollar from control by the US security apparatus. Treasury officials understood that the dollar was a source of enormous US power and advantage, and they didn’t want to risk all those benefits by beating up dollar users and tempting them to look elsewhere.

    But ultimately, Treasury lost. This, too, is in accord with my theory of enshittification: once an institution locks in its users, the factions that want to make things worse will start winning the argument. This is exactly what happened to Google, when, having locked in search users, the company fell under control of its enshittifying faction, who oversaw a program that made search worse, so that you’d have to search repeatedly (and look at multiple screens’ worth of ads) to get the answers you sought:

    https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/24/naming-names/#prabhakar-raghavan

    Google’s anti-enshittification faction argued that making search worse was a betrayal of the company’s mission. The pro-enshittification faction pointed out that lock-in meant that Google could make more money by betraying its mission without losing users, and they won the day. It’s a lot easier to live your principles if you suffer when you betray them, and it’s a lot easier to hold an institution to its principles if betraying those principles results in immediate penalties.

    After 9/11, the US security apparatus demanded dollar weaponization: the Office of Foreign Asset Control bigfooted the international finance system, forcing them to spy on, report and block transactions the US disliked. The threat of being excluded from the dollar system was powerful: when one bank refused to stop doing business with North Korea, the US “designated” the bank as noncompliant, provoking a bank run. The rest of the world’s banks fell into line.

    The fact that the US could punish banks for actions that harmed American interests, even if the bank followed all the procedures required of it, encouraged banks to adopt a “zero risk” policy, where they made up policies that went well beyond America’s rules, conducting even more surveillance, blocking even more transactions, and reporting even more activities than was required of them. All of this made participating in the dollar system steadily more costly, as dollar users had to pay for expensive compliance measures or risk the failure of key transactions, or exclusion from the dollar altogether.

    Late in Obama’s second term, officials sounded the alarm about the dollar becoming increasingly unattractive for international finance, and counseled a relaxation of the post-9/11 ratchet of ever-tighter rules for dollar users. But Trump’s officials were totally disinterested in the long-term health of the dollar system, and pursued an even more aggressive policy of dollar weaponization during Trump’s first term.

    During Trump I, major blocs such as the EU began to formally prepare dollar alternatives and to formulate an “anti-coercion instrument.” The anti-coercion instrument is an agreement among EU states to retaliate together in the event that the US (or some other country) used the dollar (or some other currency) to interfere in internal EU matters:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Coercion_Instrument

    (The anti-coercion instrument has never been used, but it was almost invoked last week over Trump’s threat to steal Greenland):

    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/eu-anti-coercion-instrument-greenland-trump-b2903998.html

    The Biden years seemed to signal a return to normalcy – the US might continue to weaponize the dollar, but they would at least pretend that they were playing fair. In Kelly’s formulation, they’d actually play the rigged poker-game, rather than just taking everyone’s chips and flipping over the table, the way Trump liked to do.

    But Biden also seemingly couldn’t help himself, and his administration pursued a much blunter program of dollar weaponization than pre-Trump presidents. In particular, Biden’s sanctions on Putin, his aligned oligarchs, and the Russian state were far more aggressive than anything any president (including Trump I) had ever done with the dollar.

    Farrell and Davies write that:

    Informal conversations with Biden officials suggest that they had noticed that, despite Trump’s actions, other countries had not moved away from the US dollar. Therefore, the Biden administration felt the US had greater leeway to use sanctions.

    In other words, the fact that enshittification produced no downside for the institution meant that its pro-enshittification factions kept winning the argument, and engaged in ever more severe forms of enshittification.

    The EU wasn’t alone in worrying about US financial coercion. While China maintains much of its own transaction processing infrastructure, it is still very exposed to the dollar system, prompting it to take measures for retaliation and alternatives if the US overstepped.

    Meanwhile, the increasing controls and costs of using the dollar drove many parties to cryptocurrencies. Some were criminals whom dollar weaponization was supposed to harass, but many were just innocent bystanders, dolphins caught in the tuna net (think of American relatives of Russians who wanted to send their families money for food, rent, or even a plane ticket out of Russia).

    Biden responded to the growing use of crypto to evade dollar rules with regulations to bring crypto under tighter control, for example, by classing crypto as a security and subjecting it to financial regulation. The Biden administration’s rules for banks that offered crypto services and trading made handling crypto so expensive that most banks just gave up on it altogether.

    Crypto boosters used this response to campaign against Biden and for Trump, accusing Biden of “strangling” crypto and “debanking” its users. Trump won a second presidency, in part thanks to billions in dark money from crypto insiders (many of whom Trump went on to pardon for money-laundering convictions carrying heavy fines and long prison sentences).

    At the outset of the second Trump presidency, Trump relied on tariffs, rather than dollar weaponization, to push the world around. As Farrell and Davies write, Trump gave speeches where he recognized the danger of squeezing dollar users too hard:

    The problem with … sanctions … [is that] ultimately it kills your dollar and it kills everything the dollar represents. … So I use sanctions very powerfully against countries that deserve it, and then I take them off. Because, look, you’re losing Iran. You’re losing Russia. China is out there trying to get their currency to be the dominant currency as you know better than anybody. … So I want to use sanctions as little as possible.

    Trump thinks that using sanctions is fine, provided that then he “take[s] them off.” This has resulted in the trademark Trump chaos of announced and rescinded and reimposed sanctions – against Chinese refineries, a Yemeni bank, the International Criminal Court, and the nation of Colombia.

    It’s possible that this is less onerous than permanent (or at least, long-term) sanctions, but not by much. If no one can be sure that they’ll be able to use the dollar tomorrow – even if they might be able to use it again the day after – there’s far more pressure to find dollar alternatives.

    Meanwhile, Farrell and Davies observe that:

    [Trump is] more willing to impose sanctions on allies, since they are less able to defect from the dollar than neutrals and rivals, and less likely to act against crypto even though it facilitates sanctions evasion.

    In other words, Trump’s reserving his most destructive punishments for his friends, because his enemies are more likely to flee to China if he uses his most devastating attacks on them.

    This is a very interesting observation, especially in light of Canada’s announcement that it is leaving the American sphere of influence to become a neutral party with many alliances, including with China. If Farrell and Davies are right, this might mean that Canada will be less likely to face sanctions in the future than it risked when it was formally allied with the USA.

    Meanwhile, Trump’s indiscriminate use of tariffs is steadily worsening the American domestic situation, driving up prices:

    https://fortune.com/2026/01/21/amazon-price-hikes-tariffs-2026-andy-jassy-davos/

    Farrell and Davies predict that this will drive Trump to switch from using tariffs to using sanctions (after all, Trump’s executive function has always been terrible, and it’s only declined as his white matter disease has progressed). The EU is getting ready for this by finalizing the “Digital Euro.” If Trump responds to this with more sanctions, it will only hasten the world’s switch away from the dollar.

    The authors call this a “positive feedback loop” (despite the word “positive,” that’s not a good thing – a positive feedback loop causes a system to keep on speeding up until it is shaken to pieces). The EU has good reasons to escape the dollar. The US has good reasons to fight the EU’s escape. Everything the US does to punish the EU for trying to escape the dollar will make the EU want to escape the dollar even more.

    The post-American era is being born around us, but when it comes to US “platforms” like the dollar (or even the transoceanic fiber links that all make landfall and interchange in the US), the expense and lock-in have left the world without any obvious and ready alternatives:

    https://pluralistic.net/2025/11/26/difficult-multipolarism/#eurostack

    But there’s one post-American platform that’s right there for the taking: a global collaboration to develop open, auditable, trustworthy alternatives to US tech, from administrative tools like Office365 to the firmware in tractors, cars, and medical equipment:

    https://pluralistic.net/2026/01/01/39c3/#the-new-coalition

    It’s a project that the EU is actively pursuing:

    https://finance.yahoo.com/news/big-bazooka-europe-could-hit-100000361.html

    But I don’t think they’ve yet grasped how crucial the project of getting off US tech is – not just because it’s urgent, but because it’s also tractable. While replacing the dollar is hamstrung by network effects, building a global software commons benefits from network effects. It starts strong, and gets better every time someone else joins it.

    What’s more: I suspect that a world that is already bound together with a common tech stack would have a much easier time coordinating resistance to dollar weaponization.


    Hey look at this (permalink)



    A shelf of leatherbound history books with a gilt-stamped series title, 'The World's Famous Events.'

    Object permanence (permalink)

    #20yrsago Universal DRM dystopia https://tarmle.livejournal.com/80182.html

    #20yrsago Library’s one-year anniversary of lending video-games https://www.gamingtarget.com/article.php?artid=4941

    #20yrsago UK music industry execs can’t talk straight about DRM https://web.archive.org/web/20060203090643/http://rock.thepodcastnetwork.com/2006/01/25/digital-music-the-industry-answers/

    #20yrsago BBC report on UK gamers from 6-65 https://web.archive.org/web/20060207060943/http://crystaltips.typepad.com/wonderland/files/bbc_uk_games_research_2005.pdf

    #20yrsago Norwegian ombudsman to review iTunes terms of service https://web.archive.org/web/20070208163427/http://forbrukerportalen.no/Artikler/2006/1138119849.71

    #20yrsago Google Cache is legal https://web.archive.org/web/20060130212935/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/004344.php

    #20yrsago NSA’s licensable patent portfolio https://web.archive.org/web/20060116103440/https://www.nsa.gov/techtrans/techt00002.cfm

    #20yrsago Senators figure out the Broadcast Flag, curse it as an abomination! https://web.archive.org/web/20060130212403/https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/004343.php

    #20yrsago HOWTO turn a disposable camera into an RFID-killer https://events.ccc.de/congress/2005/wiki/RFID-Zapper(EN)

    #20yrsago World of Warcraft: Don’t tell anyone you’re queer https://web.archive.org/web/20060131191638/http://www.innewsweekly.com/innews/?class_code=Ga&article_code=1172

    #15yrsago PirateBox: anonymous, stand-alone wireless filesharing node https://web.archive.org/web/20110129205033/http://wiki.daviddarts.com/PirateBox

    #15yrsago Where antibiotic resistant superbugs come from: biology explained at a “3d grade reading level” https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/development-of-resistant-staphylococcus-aureus-over-time-v8-web/6712973

    #15yrsago Provocative metaphor for the Irish bailout https://memex.naughtons.org/how-a-bail-out-works/12877/

    #15yrsago Douglas Adams’ online encylopedia tries to buy itself back from the BBC https://web.archive.org/web/20110127104628/https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/brunel/A80173361

    #15yrsago Ebert: 3D movies suck https://web.archive.org/web/20110131232913/http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2011/01/post_4.html

    #15yrsago Anti-capitalist rumba rave in a Spanish bank https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wv5dh8v7mDs

    #15yrsago Meet Obama’s new Solicitor General: the copyright industry’s Donald Verrilli Jr https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2011/01/obama-nominates-former-riaa-lawyer-for-solicitor-general-spot/

    #10yrsago The story of magic: how narrative destroys conjurers’ effects, or elevates them to transcendence https://www.thejerx.com/blog/2016/1/23/dqwn4rocxdovl0dqcqymdhekzmuzq4

    #10yrsago Majority of UK booze-industry revenues come from problem drinkers https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/jan/22/problem-drinkers-alcohol-industry-most-sales-figures-reveal

    #10yrsago Oklahoma’s repeat-offender Republican Creationist lawmakers take another run at science education https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/this-years-first-batch-of-anti-science-education-bills-surface-in-oklahoma/

    #10yrsago You can’t “boost” your immune system with “health food,” nor would you want to https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/jan/24/health-foods-immune-system-colds-vitamins

    #10yrsago Stop taking “probiotics” https://www.statnews.com/2016/01/21/probiotics-shaky-science/

    #10yrsago Swiss pro-privacy email provider forces a referendum on mass surveillance https://web.archive.org/web/20160125153009/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/25/how-a-small-company-in-switzerland-is-fighting-a-surveillance-law-and-winning/

    #10yrsago Howto social-engineer someone’s address and other sensitive info from Amazon https://medium.com/@espringe/amazon-s-customer-service-backdoor-be375b3428c4#.jkx7fwbqv

    #10yrsago Uptown Funk as a mashup of 66 classic movie dance routines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1F0lBnsnkE

    #10yrsago Starve: the best, meanest new graphic novel debut since Transmetropolitan https://memex.craphound.com/2016/01/25/starve-the-best-meanest-new-graphic-novel-debut-since-transmetropolitan/

    #10yrsago Fury Road is still comprehensible at 12x speed https://vashivisuals.com/the-fastest_cut/

    #10yrsago Police sergeant: 16 year old girl probably saw penises before I showed her mine, NBD https://www.wcvb.com/article/bpd-sergeant-may-plead-guilty-job-on-the-line/8230846

    #10yrsago Chinese snatch-squads roam the globe, kidnapping dissidents and critics https://web.archive.org/web/20160416214222/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/pursuing-critics-china-reaches-across-borders-and-nobody-is-stopping-it/2016/01/26/cd4959dc-6793-473f-8b74-6cbac3f46422_story.html?postshare=7221453857631693&tid=ss_tw

    #10yrsago Shootout in Oregon: one terrorist killed, eight arrested https://www.cnn.com/2016/01/26/us/oregon-wildlife-refuge-siege-arrests/index.html

    #10yrsago Health insurer loses 1m customers’ health records https://web.archive.org/web/20170224042328/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=130443&p=irol-newsArticle_Print&ID=2132066

    #10yrsago All your booze comes from a handful of titanic global corporations https://www.eater.com/drinks/2016/1/26/10830410/liquor-brands-hierarchy-diageo-beam-suntory-pernod-ricard

    #10yrsago Man gasps dying words into officer’s bodycam: “They’re killing me right now… I can’t breathe.” https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/01/body-cam-captures-mans-final-words-begging-the-cops-to-get-off-of-him/

    #10yrsago Help wanted: Burning Man’s Chief Fed https://web.archive.org/web/20160205123132/https://www.usajobs.gov/GetJob/ViewDetails/426715200

    #5yrsago Goldman CEO gets $17.5m reward for $4.5b fraud https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#failing-up

    #5yrsago Facebook champions (its own) privacy https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#ico-schtum

    #5yrsago Casino mogul steals First Nation’s vaccine https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/27/viral-colonialism/#seriously-fuck-that-guy

    #5yrsago Plute buys mayor’s house and serves eviction papers https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/25/money-is-power/#money-is-power

    #5yrsago Trump’s swamp gators find corporate refuge https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/24/1a/#gator-park

    #5yrsago Stop saying “it’s not censorship if it’s not the government” https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/24/1a/#talk-hard

    #1yrago The first days of Boss Politics Antitrust https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/24/enforcement-priorities/#enemies-lists

    #1yrago It’s not a crime if we do it with an app pluralistic.net/2025/01/25/potatotrac/#carbo-loading

    #1yrago It’s pretty easy to cut $2 trillion from the federal budget, actually https://pluralistic.net/2025/01/27/beltway-bandits/#henhouse-foxes

    #20yrsago Danny O’Brien’s Open Source con presentation on Evil https://www.spesh.com/danny/talks/evil/

    #20yrsago Can DRM be future-proof? https://blog.citp.princeton.edu/2006/01/28/cd-drm-compatibility-and-software-updates/

    #15yrsago Francis Ford Coppola, copyfighter https://web.archive.org/web/20110125035605/http://the99percent.com/articles/6973/Francis-Ford-Coppola-On-Risk-Money-Craft-Collaboration

    #15yrsago HOWTO make health-care cheaper by spending more on patients who need it https://web.archive.org/web/20140727223819/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/01/24/the-hot-spotters?currentPage=all

    #15yrsago William Gibson on Stuxnet https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/27/opinion/27Gibson.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1296233597-MyRiudJI0Nso7Tm/YIw4yw

    #10yrsago Guess who donated all the money to Black Americans for a Better Future Super PAC? Rich white men. https://web.archive.org/web/20160129001243/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/28/black-americans-for-a-better-future-super-pac-100-funded-by-rich-white-guys/

    #10yrsago Bill Gates sold rights to the Tiananmen 1989 pictures to a Chinese company https://qz.com/601830/bill-gates-has-sold-a-set-of-iconic-images-to-a-beijing-firm-including-of-tiananmen-in-1989

    #10yrsago Michael Moore: Flint needs a revolution, not bottled water https://web.archive.org/web/20160128161328/https://michaelmoore.com/DontSendBottledWater

    #10yrsago The surveillance business model goes to war against the FTC https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/267070-businesses-are-invading-your-privacy/

    #10yrsago Florida mayors write to GOP presidential hopefuls demanding action on climate change https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/florida-mayors-to-rubio-were-going-under-take-climate-change-seriously/

    #10yrsago The Onion’s new owner is Hillary Clinton’s most lavish financial backer https://web.archive.org/web/20160126213016/https://theintercept.com/2016/01/26/ha-ha-hillary-clintons-top-financial-supporter-now-controls-the-onion/

    #10yrsago Microsoft billionaire Paul Allen wipes out coral reef with his superyacht https://caymannewsservice.com/2016/01/billionaire-boater-destroys-wb-reef/

    #10yrsago Head of NSA’s hacker squad explains how to armor networks against the likes of him https://www.wired.com/2016/01/nsa-hacker-chief-explains-how-to-keep-him-out-of-your-system/

    #10yrsago Anaheim: the happiest surveillance state on earth https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/01/city-cops-in-disneylands-backyard-have-had-stingray-on-steriods-for-years/

    #5yrsago Knowledge is why you build your own apps https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#knowledge-is-power

    #5yrsago Understanding /r/wallstreetbets https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#wallstreetbets

    #5yrsago How apps steal your location https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#trackers-tracked

    #5yrsago Mexican indigenous telco wins spectrum fight https://pluralistic.net/2021/01/28/payment-for-order-flow/#tic-victory


    Upcoming appearances (permalink)

    A photo of me onstage, giving a speech, pounding the podium.



    A screenshot of me at my desk, doing a livecast.

    Recent appearances (permalink)



    A grid of my books with Will Stahle covers..

    Latest books (permalink)



    A cardboard book box with the Macmillan logo.

    Upcoming books (permalink)

    • “Unauthorized Bread”: a middle-grades graphic novel adapted from my novella about refugees, toasters and DRM, FirstSecond, 2026
    • “Enshittification, Why Everything Suddenly Got Worse and What to Do About It” (the graphic novel), Firstsecond, 2026

    • “The Memex Method,” Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2026

    • “The Reverse-Centaur’s Guide to AI,” a short book about being a better AI critic, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, June 2026



    Colophon (permalink)

    Today’s top sources:

    Currently writing: “The Post-American Internet,” a sequel to “Enshittification,” about the better world the rest of us get to have now that Trump has torched America (1019 words today, 14468 total)

    • “The Reverse Centaur’s Guide to AI,” a short book for Farrar, Straus and Giroux about being an effective AI critic. LEGAL REVIEW AND COPYEDIT COMPLETE.
    • “The Post-American Internet,” a short book about internet policy in the age of Trumpism. PLANNING.

    • A Little Brother short story about DIY insulin PLANNING


    This work – excluding any serialized fiction – is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. That means you can use it any way you like, including commercially, provided that you attribute it to me, Cory Doctorow, and include a link to pluralistic.net.

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    When life gives you SARS, you make sarsaparilla” -Joey “Accordion Guy” DeVilla

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  • Aylo Wins $90 Million Default Judgment Against Porn Piracy Network

    Aylo Wins $90 Million Default Judgment Against Porn Piracy Network

    In recent years, Aylo has taken an aggressive stance against pirate sites, doing everything possible to shut these down.

    The parent company of Pornhub, which owns popular brands such as “Reality Kings”, “Brazzers”, “MOFOS”, has already won several lawsuits against high profile targets such as Daftsex and Goodporn.

    Early last year, Aylo filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington against a collection of pirate adult websites, including ‘Freshporno,’ ‘Kojka’, ‘PornHeal’. These eight sites were allegedly operated by someone named Anton Popravkin.

    The complaint

    complaint

    To stop the infringing activity, Aylo’s copyright enforcement arm sent more than 10,000 DMCA takedown notices to the piracy ring. However. These notices failed to get the infringing videos removed, so Aylo decided to take the matter to court.

    Aylo Requests Multi-Million Dollar Default

    Aylo accused the piracy network, which reportedly received more than three million monthly visits, of publicly displaying many thousands of works without permission. This was done with a profit motive, making the operator liable for willful copyright infringement.

    “Popravkin Anton willfully infringed Plaintiff’s Works at least 9,006 times: Plaintiff identified 9,006 of its copyrighted registered works being displayed across 27,105 infringing URLs on the Websites,” the complaint read.

    “The sheer volume of infringements demonstrates Popravkin Anton’s deliberate and willful disregard for copyright law, as well as his ongoing operation of a business that operates by monetizing copyright infringement.”

    The operator of the site never responded to the lawsuit, which left Aylo no other option than to request a default judgment. While Aylo could theoretically request $150,000 per work, for a total of more than a billion dollars in damages, it settled for a tenth of that.

    In its motion for a default judgment, Aylo requested $15,000 in statutory damages per work infringed. With 9,006 works, this brings the total to $135,090,000 in statutory damages.

    Court Awards $90,060,000 in Damages

    Last Friday, U.S. District Judge Kymberly K. Evanson granted Aylo’s motion for default judgment. However, instead of awarding $15,000 per work, she reduced it to $10,000 per infringed work. In addition, Aylo was granted attorney’s fees and costs of $20,350.

    90m

    In the order, Judge Evanson notes that Aylo hasn’t shared any persuasive evidence to justify its $15,000 claim. In addition, the court deems $10,000 per work sufficient to send a deterrent message to other prospective pirates.

    “Because Plaintiff has not presented persuasive evidence to support its $15,000 valuation of each infringed work, the Court declines to assume that the full amount requested is appropriate,” the order reads.

    “The amount awarded will nonetheless discourage wrongful conduct and uphold the integrity of copyright laws,” Judge Evanson adds.

    Domain Name Seizures

    While a $90 million damages award sounds good, it is unlikely that Aylo will recoup this, as the main defendant was not located. And since Anton Popravkin likely doesn’t reside in the United States, they will likely ignore the court order.

    Therefore, the real value of the default judgment lies in the domain name transfers that were granted in response to the “willful” and “malicious” copyright ingringement.

    The court issued a broad permanent injunction ordering the U.S.-based domain name registry Verisign to change the registrar for the eight targeted domains to EuroDNS. EuroDNS is subsequently instructed to change the registrant for those domain names directly to Aylo Premium Ltd.

    “Verisign, Inc. shall change the registrar for the domain names 3prn.com, freshporno.net, frprn.com, homexvideo.com, kojka.com,mojva.com, onlineporno.cc, and pornheal.com to EuroDNS, and instruct EuroDNS to change the registrant for those domain names to Aylo Premium Ltd,” the order reads.

    domains

    At the time of writing, all domains remain linked to the piracy ring, but it is expected that these will become unavailable later this week, when Aylo takes them over. Whether that will permanently keep the pirate sites offline remains to be seen.

    A copy of the order granting the default judgment, issued by U.S. District Judge Kymberly K. Evanson, is available here (pdf). The order signed by the court clerk can be found here (pdf).

    From: TF, for the latest news on copyright battles, piracy and more.

  • RFK Jr. is definitely coming for your vaccines (part 7): What, me worry (about polio and HPV)?

    Last week was a hellscape for vaccines, with a RICO lawsuit against the AAP and the newly antivax CDC coming for your HPV and polio vaccines.

    The post RFK Jr. is definitely coming for your vaccines (part 7): What, me worry (about polio and HPV)? first appeared on Science-Based Medicine.

  • Gaza ceasefire improves aid access, but children still face deadly conditions

    The fragile ceasefire in the Gaza Strip is making a difference to the lives of over a million children, and improving overall access to food – but more aid still needs to enter. 
  • ‘We must stand up for our shared humanity – each and every day’: UN human rights chief

    On the eve of International Holocaust Remembrance Day, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk called on the global community to “not only to look at our past, but to reflect on our present, and to safeguard our future.”
  • South Sudan: UN and rights experts warn against risk of mass violence in Jonglei

    The UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) is sounding the alarm over the threat of escalating violence in Jonglei state which is putting lives at risk and further weakening prospects for peace.